石家庄市高温热浪与“三大火炉”城市的对比研究

Study of the High-Temperature and Heatwaves in Shijiazhuang Compared to the "Three-Furnace Cities" in China

利用1956-2009年逐日气温资料,分析了石家庄和"三大火炉"城市的高温热浪气候特征与变化趋势。结果表明,石家庄比"三大火炉"城市极端气温高、强高温(日最高气温≥40℃)日数多,但闷热天气相对少,热浪持续时间短。在季节内分布上,石家庄高温热浪6月最多,而"三大火炉"城市集中在7-8月。从年高温日数和年极端最高温度变化趋势看,近54年来石家庄高温热浪发展态势比"三大火炉"城市更为严峻;近20年来4市高温热浪都呈显著增加趋势。石家庄和"三大火炉"城市的高温热浪特征差异主要是由于地理地形条件以及东亚季风系统的季节变化规律所致,而全球变暖和快速城市化加剧了高温热浪的程度。

Based on the daily temperature data from 1956 to 2009,in this paper,the climate characteristics and trends of the high-temperature and heatwaves in Shijiazhuang as well as the ＂Three-Furnace cities＂ in China（i.e.,Chongqing,Wuhan and Nanjing） are analyzed.The results show that Shijiazhuang has a high value of extremely high temperature,and more days with severe high temperature（i.e.,greater than or equal to 40℃）,compared to the ＂Three-Furnace cities＂.On the other hand,there are fewer muggy days in Shijiazhuang,and its duration of heatwaves is shorter.In terms of the distribution within the season,the phenomenon of high-temperature heatwaves happens most frequently in June in Shijiazhuang,while the phenomenon mostly happens in the period between July and August in the other three cities.In terms of the variation trend of number of days with high temperature and the extremely maximum high temperature each year,the development of high-temperature heatwaves in Shijiazhuang is more severe than the ＂Three-Furnace cities＂ during the past 54 years;all the four cities witness a significant increase of high heat in the past 20 years.The difference of the characteristics of high-temperature heatwaves between Shijiazhuang and the other three cities is mostly due to the geographical terrain and the seasonal variation of East Asian monsoon system.Moreover,the intensity of the high-temperature and heatwave is increased by the global warming and rapid urbanization.