单站资料均一性对本地气候资料趋势结果的影响

The Influence of Homogeneity of Single-station Data on Trends in Local Climate Data

选取乌鲁木齐自建站到2007年的平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、降水量等年值资料,用SNHT方法进行均一性检验及订正,并采用气候趋势系数进行订正前后的气候趋势对比分析发现,乌鲁木齐平均气温、最低气温、最高气温在1975年,降水量分别在1958年和1975年因迁站而引起了资料的非均一性变化,其中降水量对台站的搬迁变化更加敏感。平均气温值长期变化订正后比订正前增加趋势更加明显,变暖幅度比订正前增大了1/3,比同期中国平均增温速率明显偏大,比全球或半球同期平均增温速率也明显偏大。降水量值长期变化订正后比订正前的增加趋势有所减弱,增加幅度比订正前减少了近一半,用西郊机场近几年的资料进行对比,也验证了这种结果。

Applying Standard Normal Homogeneity Test（SNHT）method,this paper carried out the homogeneity test and correction,and then compared and analyzed the climate trend before and after correction by the Climate Trend Coefficient on mean temperature,annual maximum temperature,annual minimum temperature and annual precipitation in Urumqi station from establishment to 2007.The results indicate that the inhomogeneity variety of mean annual temperature,annual maximum and minimum temperature in 1975,and annual precipitation in 1958 and 1975 caused Urumqi station relocation.Especially,the annual precipitation was intensively influenced by the station moving.The increasing trend of mean annual temperature after correction is more significant than before.It is one third than before correction in warming range,which is apparently higher than the average warming rate in China and global or hemispheric in the same period.The increasing trend of annual precipitation after adjustment is less than before,and the increasing extent of annual precipitation of Urumqi was nearly half than before correction.Such results were verified by theclimatic data from the west of Urumqi airport in recent years.