植被盖度和残茬高度对保护性耕作农田防风蚀效果的影响

Influences of vegetation coverage and residual stubble height on preventing resistance to wind erosion effect of conservation tillage farmland

为定量评价植被盖度、残茬高度对保护性耕作农田的防风蚀效果,以空气动力学粗糙度和抗风蚀效率为评价指标,利用移动式风蚀风洞对内蒙古武川县保护性耕作农田和对照秋翻地进行了原位测试。结果表明,随植被盖度和残茬高度的增加,空气动力学粗糙度和抗风蚀效率均增加,抑制风蚀效果加强;在30cm残茬高度、50%植被盖度下保护性耕作农田的平均抗风蚀效率可达80.55%,具备了很好的防风蚀效果。因此,要有效防治农田土壤风蚀,保护性耕作农田应具有50%以上的植被盖度和30cm以上的留茬高度。

In order to quantitatively evaluate the preventing wind erosion effect of conservation tillage farmland affected by vegetation coverage and residual stubble height,aerodynamics roughness and resistance to wind erosion efficiency were made as evaluation index.In-situ test was conducted at conversation tillage and autumn–ploughed farmland by using movable wind erosion tunnel in Wuchuan County in Inner Mongolia.It is showed that aerodynamics roughness and resistance to wind erosion efficiency increase and the effect on preventing wind erosion strengthens with the increase of vegetation coverage and residual stubble height.The average resistance to wind erosion efficiency of conversation tillage farmland can reach 80.55%.It has a good resistance to wind erosion efficiency,when the residual stubble height is 30 cm and vegetation coverage is 50%.So,conservation tillage farmland should have more than 50% vegetation coverage and 30 cm residual stubble height to prevent and treatment soil wind erosion of farmland efficiently.