论维吾尔语功能语类格(K)的句法特性

On the Syntactic Features of Cases as Functional Words in Uyghur

本文重新审视维吾尔语功能语类格(K)的句法特性,试图对维吾尔语句法研究中的两个根本问题作出合理解释:(1)作为功能语类,格(K)也可以与名词以外的名词化短语、形容词化短语、复数短语、从属短语等所有名词性语类合并成格短语。(2)在句法层面上它可以相加在整个名词性短语之上。

In the previous content word-oriented theoretical frameworks of both traditional and structural grammars, the Uyghur case （K） has been treated as a grammatical category of nouns, that is, an adjunctive component of nouns, and never gained a syntactic status in its own right. As a result, the following two problems have so far escaped our attention： first, as functional words, case members may conjoin with a complete variety of nominal classes including adjectives, numerals, number-measure word structures, pronouns, onomatopoeic words, nominalized phrases, adjectivalized phrases, plural phrases and possessive phrases, instead of exclusively with nouns, constituting phrases with case markings of their own; second, syntactically, a whole nominal phrase instead of a single noun stem may be subject to case markings. This paper attempts to provide plausible explanations to these questions in the light of the functional word-oriented framework of generative syntactic theory.