云南小凉山“农场彝人”的姓氏选择

Farm Yis’ Selecting of Surnames in Xiao Liangshan of Yunnan

云南小凉山"农场彝人"的姓氏选择始于新中国成立后民主改革时期,改革开放后一度活跃,现今日趋稳定。"农场彝人"的姓氏选择应用了迁就、协商、投机等策略,其动机是追求各种利益与社会声誉。在血缘拟想的文化实践中,"农场彝人"精心选择的血缘纽带显现出了世俗与神圣的不平衡:其姓氏选择得到了传统与现实的有力支持,但象征肉身的"马都"(竹制灵牌)却不被姓氏来源家族承认。

The Farm Yis’ selecting of their surnames started during the Democratic Reform in Xiao Liangshan of Yunnan Province after the establishment of the new China.It was active for a while after the Reform and Opening-up and becomes stable now.The Farm Yis adopted such strategies as concession,negotiation and speculation when selecting their surnames,and their motivation is to pursue varieties of interests and social reputation.In the cultural practices of construction of blood relationship,the blood link that Farm Yis selected carefully is confronted with the imbalance between holiness and earthliness:the Madu (bamboo spirit tablet) which symbolizes the physical human body is not acknowledged by the clan from which the surname derives,though the selection of surnames has got strong support from tradition and reality.