突厥世系新证——唐代墓志所见突厥世系

New Research about Türük Pedigree:Türük Pedigree in Tang Dynasty Epitaphs

结合墓志与文献记载考证,阿史那思摩曾祖为土门可汗,祖父为它钵可汗,父咄六设为菴罗兄弟。土门可汗与科罗、木杆、它钵三可汗为父子关系;阿波设为处罗侯可汗尊号的一部分,染干为处罗侯之子;苏尼失为科罗可汗之孙,沙钵略可汗次子,都蓝可汗之弟。传统汉文史籍记载的突厥世系,与出土墓志所见突厥世系具有相一致的一面。由汉人编排的突厥世系本身有一个统一的记载系统,史籍记载的歧异乃是文献编纂或传抄错讹所致,而非突厥婚姻形态及母系计世直接产生的结果。贞观四年突厥归降后,在统领突厥旧部问题上,唐对其正统可汗的核心家族启民系子弟还是有所防范的,并着力削弱其势力,其结果突厥降户重建汗国时,启民系子孙已非实力派人物,阿史那氏的汗位由具有实力的其他可汗后裔继承。

Combining the epitaphs with the China Historical Record,it is confirmed that Ainas Ximar's great grandfather is Tümǎn Qaγan,his grandfather is Tavar Qaγan,his father Duluk Sad is a brother of Amary Qaγan.Tümn Qaγan is father of Iig,Muhan and Tavar Qaγan.Apa Sad is a part of Qaγan titles of Кaraqur.amqan is Кaraqur's son.Sunix is Iig Qaγan's grandson,bara Qaγan's secondary son,and Tauroum junior brother.One version of the China Historical Record about Türük pedigree has consistency with the epitaphs.There is only one certain version of this Historical Record.The cause of different version come out by mistake during compliment and transcription,rather than results form marriage customs pedigree by maternal line.Since Zhenguan 4th,630A.D,Tang Dynasty is defensive to Yami Qaγan’s descendants,because Yami Qaγan and his sons is Türük legitimate Qaγan’s core family.When Surrendered Türük reestablished their regime,Yami’s descendants lost their political power and other Qaγan’s descendants become the heirs to the throne.