风环境下汽车-桥梁系统侧向空间耦合振动关系研究

Lateral coupling relations between the vehicle-bridge systems under crosswind

为模拟公路车辆的车轮与路(桥)面之间的横向相对运动,将车辆轮胎与路(桥)面接触点的侧向位移作为独立自由度,详细介绍该侧向独立自由度运动方程建立的基本思路以及车桥系统侧滑力模型和考虑汽车坐标随动特性的驾驶员行为模型的确定,明确车轮与桥面接触处横向激振源由两部分组成,一为侧滑力,另一为对应于车轮处桥梁的侧向响应。通过以上方法从而建立风环境下更加符合车轮与路(桥)面接触状态本来面貌的汽车-桥梁系统侧向耦合关系,并采用非线性迭代方法对侧向耦合关系进行求解,编制程序。最后以苏通大桥为工程实例,探讨侧滑力和桥梁侧向响应激励源的作用机理,研究发现:车桥系统的侧滑力一方面是为了抵抗作用于车体上的横向风荷载,另一方面反映了驾驶员的反馈与调控作用,正是由于驾驶员的调控使得车辆基本上沿直线行驶而不至于脱离行驶车道。桥梁侧向响应对车轮的激励方式如同与车轮接触处的桥梁竖向变形对于车辆相当于附加竖向路面粗糙度一样,桥梁的侧向响应激励显著增加车辆的侧向、偏转和侧滚响应,车桥系统侧滑力的存在也增大了桥梁的侧向位移和内力响应。

In order to simulate the relative transverse movement between wheels and pavement（deck）,the lateral movement on contacts between tire and pavement（deck） is regarded as an independent degree of freedom.The basic concept for establishment of equation of the lateral independent degree and lateral slippage strength model is introduced in detail.The driver behavior model is determined for motive characteristics of vehicle coordination.The transverse actuating vibration source at contacts between wheels and deck is composed of two parts,including lateral slippage strength and bridge lateral response corresponding to wheel.The above method is used to establish a lateral coupling of vehicle-bridge system that is compatible with contact between wheel and pavement（deck） in the wind condition,and non-linear iteration is employed for lateral coupling and programming.The Sutong Bridge is employed to discuss the action mechanism of lateral slippage strength and bridge lateral response.The study shows that slippage of vehicle-bridge system can withstand lateral wind load applied on vehicle body and reflect the effect from driver＇s feedback and control.Driver＇s control can ensure that the vehicle drives along the straight line without disengagement from the track.Bridge lateral response can produce actuation for wheels as bridge vertical distortion for contact with wheel produces roughness of additional vertical pavement for vehicle.Bridge lateral response produces actuation to increase vehicle＇s lateral,yaw and side rolling responses,and lateral slippage strength of vehicle-bridge system can significantly improve bridge lateral displacement and internal force response.