摩托车前轮摆振的故障分析与改进措施

Fault Analysis and Improvement of Motorcycle Front Wheel Shimmy

从摩托车转向系统力学模型入手,推导出转向系统无阻尼自由振动方程,从而得出系统固有特性。根据系统固有特性解析摩托车前轮摆振的主要原因为外力激励与共振和前轮的陀螺仪效应与摆振。提出了增加转向系统阻尼、减小转向系统转动惯量、改善轮胎侧偏特性、提高前悬架系统刚度和合理调整有关设计参数等改进措施。

A formula of undamped natural vibration for steering system has been derivated based on the mechanical model for motorcycle steering system by which the inherent characteristics for the system are gained. An analysis made upon the gained inherent characteristics shows that the front wheel shimmy is caused by external force energizing and resonance, and gyroscope effect and shimmy of front wheel. Improvement can be made by increasing the damp of steering system, reducing the moment of inertia of steering system, modifying the type slip characteristics,enhancing the rigidity of front suspension system,properly adjusting the concerned design parameters,etc.