20世纪80年代中国对妇女生育价值社会补偿的探索

China's Experimentation with Social Compensation for the Value of Women's Reproduction in the 1980s

20世纪80年代中后期,随着经济体制改革的深化,企业逐步实现自主经营,独立核算。原本由女职工所在企业承担妇女生育费用的政策,逐渐成为企业进一步发展的桎梏。为均衡企业负担,维护妇女的合法权益,中国进行了妇女生育价值社会补偿的积极探索,并在一些地方进行了试点。这些探索和尝试虽有不足之处,但其积极意义重大,为中国妇女生育保险制度的建立与完善提供了宝贵经验。本文从历史学的视角梳理和分析这一时期生育价值社会补偿探索的历史意义和有益经验。

In the mid-and-late 1980s,Chinese enterprises adopted autonomous and independent accounting,during the deepening of economic reforms.The policy of making companies pay for women＇s maternal expenses had hindered the development of enterprises.Chinese government experimented with compensation socially for value of women＇s reproduction,in order to balance the development of enterprises,and safeguard women＇s rights.Although these compensation methods had shortages,it was significant as they provided valuable experience with the establishing and perfecting of maternity insurance system.This article analyzes the historical significance and useful experience with social compensation for women＇s reproductive value from an historical perspective.