新中国成立初期“三位一体”监督体系建设初探

A Tentative Exploration of the"Trinity"Institutional Supervision System in the Early Days of New China

新中国成立初期,中国共产党将维护党纪、政纪作为政治建设的重点,相继建立了党内监察制度、国家行政监察制度和人民监察通讯员制度,构建了党、政、群相结合的"三位一体"监督体系。这套监督体系的主要特点是自上而下的监督和自下而上的监督相结合,高度重视制度建设和群众有序参与在政权建设中的作用,对于新中国成立初期政治的清正廉洁发挥了重要的作用,同时亦应看到,这套监督体系存在制度性缺陷,影响了监督效果。

In the early days of New China,the Communist Party of China(CPC) took the upholding of the Party and government discipline as a priority in the political development and established successively the control institution within the Party,the state administrative control institution and the correspondent system of people's control,thus constructing a'trinity'supervision system that combined the Party,the government and the masses into one.The main features of this set of supervision systems were the combination of top-down supervision with bottom-up supervision and great importance being attached to institutional development and orderly participation of the masses in the improvement of political power.This system played an important role for the clean and honest politics in the early days of New China.Meanwhile we should also see that it had institutional shortcomings that adversely affected the effectiveness of supervision.