新中国成立前后的城市军事管制

Urban Military Control around the Founding of New China

中华人民共和国成立前后,城市一律实行军事管制制度。军事管制制度是在军事管理基础上建立的。1948年11月15日中央发出《关于军事管制问题的指示》之前,军营会的全称是军事管理委员会,目的和任务主要是集中职权,加强部队纪律,保护新收复城市;此后成立的军管会全称为军事管制委员会,目的和任务是对城市实行全面军事上的强制管理和控制,以领导群众建立革命秩序,镇压一切反革命活动和肃清国民党政权残余势力,进行民主建政。在各地军营会组织中,军事代表的责权最为重大。军管会是临时性的最高领导机关,不应不加分析地与城市最高权力机关混为一谈。

Urban military control was introduced in all the cities around the founding of the People's Republic of China(PRC).The system of military control was based on the management by military means.Before the CPC Central Committee issued the'Directive on Military Control'on November 15,1948,the military control commission was known as the military management commission and its purpose and tasks were to concentrate the functions and power,strengthen the discipline of the army and protect the newly recovered cities.The purpose and tasks of the military control commission set up thereafter were to exercise all-round forced military management and control,to lead the masses in establishing a revolutionary order,to oppress all counter-revolutionary activities and comb out all remaining counter-revolutionary forces and to set up democratic governments.In the military control commissions in all places,the military representatives were all the powerful.The military control commission was a temporary supreme leading power and should not be lumped together with the supreme power organ in the cities.