中国初次收入分配格局的变动与问题——以劳动报酬占GDP份额为视角

Changes in Primary Income Distribution and Resulting Problems:A View of Labor Share in GDP

文章收集并使用1978年以来有关数据,具体研究和分析改革开放以来中国劳动报酬占GDP份额的变动状况。按照国际通用的方法,文章对中国劳动报酬数据进行了调整,结果发现,与调整前劳动报酬占GDP份额出现显著下降不同,调整后劳动报酬份额在改革开放以来的大部分时间内保持了相对稳定,仅仅在最近几年开始出现明显下降。中国初次收入分配格局存在的问题不是劳动报酬占GDP份额的下降,而是这一比例水平长期过低,初次收入分配格局似乎陷入了一种低水平稳定状态。作者认为,劳动报酬占GDP份额低是一种不利于劳动者的收入分配格局。

This paper studies the change of the labor share in GDP.After making some necessary adjustments on the data based on methods used internationally,the paper finds that the labor share in GDP has kept relatively stable for most of the time after the economic reform,which is contrary to the result from unadjusted data that the labor share in GDP has been rapidly decreasing.Therefore,the real problem in factor income distribution in China is that the labor share in GDP is too lowrather than falling.