不同温度条件下异色瓢虫四龄幼虫亲缘关系对自残行为的影响

Influence of kin relationship on cannibalism behavior of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) fourth instar larvae in different temperature conditions

在14、18、22、24℃及30℃下对异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis(Pallas)的不同同血缘的四龄幼虫自残行为及其对生长发育的影响进行研究。结果表明,异色瓢虫四龄幼虫自残发生概率受环境温度条件影响显著。在22-24℃处理范围内同血缘个体间自残发生概率均显著小于非同血缘个体。自残滞后时间同样受环境温度条件影响显著,且在同一温度条件下同血缘个体间均显著小于非同血缘处理。个体间相互攻击率不受环境温度变化影响,而在高于22℃下受血缘关系影响显著。此外,总受攻击次数在不同温度处理间差异显著。同血缘个体间自残后死亡率随温度增加而减少,均在30%以上。而非同血缘个体间自残后死亡率不受温度变化影响,均在70%以上。自残后残存个体的化蛹率及成虫羽化率均不受环境温度变化及个体间血缘关系的影响,化蛹率除30℃处理外均在90%以上,而在各温度下两血缘处理的羽化率均大于70%。

Present experiments were set 5 different temperature conditions as 14,18,22,16,30 ℃ to compare the variation of cannibalism behavior and related effects to development of Harmonia axyridis 4th stage larvae in Sibling and Non-sibling.The results showed significant effects of temperatures on the cannibalism ratio both in two kin groups.And under 22-24℃,the cannibalism ratio in sibling group was lower than non-sibling group significantly.We found the effect of temperatures on lag duration of cannibalism was also significant and the lag duration in non-sibling group was higher than the other.The mutual attack ratio wasn＇t influenced by temperature variation significantly.The exception of the mutual attack ratio was showed significantly different between two kin groups when the temperatures were high than 22 ℃.Furthermore,the significant differences of total suffering cannibalism attack times were shown among different temperatures.For the observation of cannibalism mortality,a reduced tendency with temperature increasing was shown in sibling group and the mortalities were all higher than 30%.On the contrast,the mortality in non-sibling group wasn＇t influenced by temperature variation,and all mortalities were higher than 70%.The pupae ratio and emergency ratio of survivors were not influenced by temperature and kin-relationship variation significantly.The pupae ratio in each temperature was high than 90% consistently except in 30 ℃.And the emergency ratios in all temperatures were higher than 70%.