印度尼西亚国内移民计划浅析(1905～2000年)

An Analysis on Indonesia's Transmigration Program (1905～2000)

众所周知,印度尼西亚长期以来一直面临着人口分布极不均衡的问题,这极大地影响了印尼资源的开发与经济的发展。早在荷兰殖民统治时期,荷兰殖民者就开始有计划地将爪哇与马都拉人等地区的人口向人口稀少的边远地区迁移。在独立后,印尼政府继续推行国内移民计划,该计划在一定程度上解决了印尼的人口问题,但也给外岛地区带来相当大的负面影响,因此,2000年印尼政府正式终止大规模的国内移民计划,以本地移民计划取而代之。

As we know,the distribution of Indonesia＇s population is always extremely uneven,which greatly influences the exploration of its＇resources and economic development. As early as 1905,The Netherlands East Indies government began to transmigrate people from Java and Madura to those sparsely populated islands. After independence,the Indonesian government continued to apply the Transmigration Program ,which made some achievement in tackling the population problem in Indonesia,but also gave some considerable negative impact on the Outer Islands,therefore,in 2000 the Indonesian government formally terminated the Transmigration Program,replaced it with the Local Transmigration Scheme.