低温木霉对灰霉的拮抗作用

The antagonism of forbearing low temperature Trichoderma against Botrytis cinerea

研究了6种低温木霉对灰霉的拮抗作用。实验证明,在4℃,木霉可迅速占据营养和空间,当与灰霉接触时,形成明显的抑菌带,并诱导灰霉形成致密的孢子层,后形成菌核。X JTR-165可继续在灰霉菌落上生长,缠绕于灰霉菌丝上,产生指状吸器,引起灰霉菌丝的变形和消解;低温木霉也可产生抗生物质,抑制灰霉孢子萌发和生长,X JTR-165萌发抑制率达30%,抑菌圈直径>2 cm;在正常生长中,木霉不产生或产生少量的胞外几丁质酶,但与灰霉菌丝接触时,可诱导产生,X JTR-165酶活可达0.24 U/mL,产酶对寄生有协同增效作用。

The antagonism of the forbearing low temperature Trichoderma against Botrytis cinerea was tested in vitro.On dual culture at 4 ℃,they grew fast,formed the obvious inhibitory strip when meeting B.cinerea,and induced it to produced the compact spore layer and sclerotiet Botrytis hyphae were coiled,penetrated,lysed and broken by XJTR-165.The extracellular antibiotic substance secreted by the Trichoderma could inhabit spore-sprouting to the highest amount of 30% and hyphal growth with the inhabiting ring from 0.4 to 2 cm.Trichodruma could produced the extracellular chitinase（up to 0,24 U/mL by RT-165） when induced by Botrytis hyphal fragment of 20%,but could not or a little in PDA culture.