基于微生物燃料电池技术的多元生物质生物产电研究进展

Progress in Electricity Generation from Biomass Using Microbial Fuel Cell(MFC)

微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cell,MFC)是一种使用微生物作为催化剂,直接将生物质能转化为电能的装置,为生物质的利用提供了新的途径.底物类型和底物浓度对于MFC的性能至关重要.使用小分子酸、醇或葡萄糖等简单有机物为底物时,MFC功率输出较高.但当底物为结构复杂的有机物时,为了提高MFC功率输出和底物降解效率,可以采用物理、化学手段对其进行预处理、采用天然菌群进行生物预降解或者添加简单有机物进行底物强化.基于多元生物质MFC技术未来将应用于污水中生物质能回收、偏远地区供电和生物传感器等方面.

By applying bacteria as anodic catalyst,microbial fuel cell（MFC） can directly convert biomass energy into electrical energy,provided a new way for biomass utilization.Previous studies showed that the substrates and their concentration substantially affected performance of MFC.High power output was obtained when simple organic such as volatile fatty acids（VFA）,alcohols or glucose was used as substrate.However,physical,chemical or even biological pretreatment methods were needed when substrate was complex organic.Addition of simple organic as co-substrate was also demonstrated to be an efficient way for refractory compounds degradation in MFC.Using biomass as substrates,MFC will be applied in area such as bioenergy recovery from wastewater,power supply in outfield and biosensors.