大型水电项目知识共享现状与改进建议——基于典型案例的讨论

Current Status of Knowledge Sharing in Large Hydropower Projects and the Improvement Suggestions

当前,在我国水电工程项目建设过程中所创造和积累的知识未得到充分共享,这造成了重复研究、知识流失、失误反复出现等问题。为促进水电项目中的知识共享,分析了水电项目知识共享的组织环境要素、方法和存在问题。首先对1个大型水电项目的10名管理人员进行了半结构化访谈,结合访谈和文献回顾,总结出了水电项目知识共享的15种方法和影响水电项目内部知识共享的5类15种组织环境要素;随后通过问卷收集了4个典型大型水电项目中31个部门的42个样本,并在对各要素和方法进行排序和分类的基础上,结合理论分析和访谈内容,找出了制约水电项目知识共享的4个主要问题;最后,针对性地提出了提升其实践水平的4项建议。

In order to improve knowledge sharing（KS） in hydropower projects,this research explores the organization-environmental factors,methods and problems in KS practice in these projects.By Semi-structural interviews to 10 middle and high class employees in a large hydropower project and literatures review,this paper first identifies 15 KS methods and 15 organization-environmental factors in 5 categories：IT system,organizational processes and Institution,climate,incentive and organizational supports.Then,ranking and classification of these factors and methods are conducted by using 42 evaluation samples collected by a questionnaire survey to employees from 31 departments in 4 other typical projects.Integrated with interviews and theories,the causes and effects of the current status are discussed.It concludes that there are 4 problems in KS practice.Finally,4 managerial suggestions are given.