几种药剂对美国白蛾的毒力测定和防效对比

Toxicity test and control effects of several pesticides against Hyphantria cunea(Drury)

对几种药剂防治美国白蛾3龄幼虫进行了室内毒力测定、野外防治试验和野外残效期测定,7种药剂的室内毒力测定结果表明0.12%藻酸丙二醇酯对美国白蛾3龄幼虫的毒性最强(LC50=0.053 5 mg/L),其它依次为0.38%苦参碱(LC50=0.259 mg/L)、1.2%烟碱.苦参碱(LC50=0.574 mg/L)、1%甲维盐(LC50=0.78 mg/L)、1.8%阿维菌素(LC50=1.38 mg/L)、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯(LC50=2.58 mg/L)、5%桉油精(LC50=3.85 mg/L);野外防效试验的10种药剂对美国白蛾3龄幼虫均有很好的防治效果,最终死亡率均达到100%,药后12 h高效氯氰菊酯致美国白蛾3龄幼虫死亡速度最快,其次为烟参碱、桉油精、苦参碱、藻酸丙二醇酯、阿维菌素、甲维盐,3种仿生物制剂中5%杀铃脲击倒速度较慢;残效期以仿生物制剂类最为显著,3种仿生物制剂类残效期均为49d以上,其次为高效氯氰菊酯达到14 d左右,残效期最短的有1%甲维盐、5%桉油精、1.2%烟碱.苦参碱、0.38%苦参碱、1.8%阿维菌素和0.12%藻酸丙二醇酯均为7 d左右。为防止美国白蛾对单一药剂产生抗药性,多种药剂应轮换使用。

Several pesticides were used against 3rd-instar larvae of Hyphantria cunea（Drury）.According to the experimental results under laboratory conditions,the toxicity of Propylene Glycol Alginate 0.12% was the highest whose LC50 to the larvae was 0.053 5 mg/L,the others were Matrine 0.38%（LC50=0.259 mg/L）,Matrine Nicotine 1.2%（LC50=0.574 mg/L）,Emamectin Benzoate 1%（LC50=0.78 mg/L）,Avermectins 1.8%（LC50=1.38 mg/L）,beta-cypermethrin 4.5%（LC50 =2.58 mg/L） and eucalyptol 5%（LC50=3.85 mg/L）.The experimental results under field conditions showed that the final mortality was all 100% for the 10 pesticides applied.Beta-cypermethrin 4.5% caused the highest mortality 12 hours after the applieation,followed by Matrine Nicotine 1.2%,eucalyptol 5%,Matrine 0.38%,Propylene Glycol Alginate 0.12%,Avermectins 1.8% and Emamectin Benzoate 1%.Triflumuron 5% had the least knockdown effect among the 3 bionic pesticides.the residual period of bionic pesticides was over 49 days,subsequently that of beta-cypermethrin 4.5% was about 14 days.The residual periods of Emamectin Benzoate 1%,eucalyptol 5%,Matrine Nicotine 1.2%,Matrine 0.38%,Avermectins 1.8% and Propylene Glycol Alginate 0.12% were about 7 days.It＇s essential to alternate pesticides periodically so as to keep Hyphantria cunea from developing resistance.