黑龙江省现代农业发展面临挑战与应对策略

Challenges and Resolving Countermeasures of Modern Agricultural Development in Heilongjiang Province

黑龙江省现代农业的发展对于中国未来农业现代化具有重要指导意义,确保黑龙江省粮食高产、稳产是实现农业可持续发展的关键。本文总结了黑龙江粮食生产现状及取得的成就,针对黑龙江农业生产存在的经济增长方式落后,土壤压力加大、功能减弱,农田生态、生物多样性减少,农业灾害频繁,国外生资占领黑龙江农业市场等问题,提出了转换经济增长方式,加强耕地数量和质量的整治与保护,强化土地流转,转移农村劳动力,重新认识农业自然灾害,遵循自然规律,坚持农业(种植和养殖)的可持续发展,发展政府的公益农业服务体系,发展农业产前产业和后续产业等应对策略。

The development of modem agriculture in Heilongjiang Province has the guidance for future agricultural modernization in China, thus, it is the key to ensure the high and stable yield of the sustainable agriculture development. The paper summarized the achievement of the status of food production in Hei- longjiang Province, and the current constraints of agricultural production which contained the lagging econo- my increase mode, large soil press, weak function, and decreasing of life-form varieties in the farmland. Meanwhile, the agricultural disasters appeared frequenly. Besides that, the produced goods in foreign countries occupied the market of Heilongjiang Province. Therefore, the paper proposed the resolving countermeasures such as transforming the economy increase mode; strengthened the realignment and protection of farm- land amount and quality; strengthened the transformation of farmland; transformed the rural labors in order to know the agricultural natural disasters; followed the order of nature; insisted on the sustainable develop- ment; developed the government＇s agricultural commonweal service system, in order to develop agricultural anti-production and post-production, and its countermeasures were also pointed out in this paper.