江西省粮食生产能力影响因素分析及对策研究

Affecting Factors of Food Production Capacity in Jiangxi Province and its Countermeasures

江西省粮食生产经历了"四改"、农村联产承包制、杂交水稻的推广、粮食生产调整和粮食内部结构调整五个阶段。本文对各个阶段的特点进行了分析,指出了影响江西粮食生产能力的主要因素是耕地面积减少、水土流失仍严重、土壤肥力水平差异大、土壤污染严重、农业气象灾害频繁,并对此提出了保护耕地、增加农民收入,大力开发冬季农业,挖掘生物气候资源潜力,加强环境污染治理和减免农业气象灾害五大应对措施。

Jiangxi Province food production experienced five stages and contained ＂four reforms＂： the household contract responsibility system in the rural areas, the promotion of hybrid flee, the adjustment of food production and the adjustment of the grain internal structure. This paper indicated main factors that af- fected food production in Jiangxi Province, which were the reducing of arable land, serious soil erosion, large differences in the level of soil fertility, serious soil pollution, and frequent agricultural meteorological disas- ters based on analyzing characteristics of each stage. And it proposed five countermeasures to improve food production in Jiangxi Province which used to protect farmland and increase their income. Meanwhile, great efforts were made to develop winter agriculture; the potential of bio-climatic resources could be digged; the pollution control and reduction of agricultural meteorological disasters could be strengthened.