颈内动脉床突上段穿通支显微解剖学研究

Microsurgical Anatomy of the Perforating Branches of the Supraclinoid Portion of the Internal Carotid Artery

目的：研究颈内动脉床突上段穿通支显微解剖。方法：应用２０例国人成人头颅湿标本，在放大５～２５倍显微镜下，对颈内动脉床突上段进行显微解剖及测量。结果：眼动脉段颈内动脉自其内下壁发出２～７支穿通支，平均４支，主要分布于垂体柄及视交叉。仅有２０％标本后交通段颈内动脉从其内后壁发出１～２支穿通支。脉络膜前动脉段颈内动脉自其后壁发出１～６支穿通支，平均２９７支，主要分布于前穿质及视束。结论：熟悉颈内动脉床突上段穿通支显微解剖。

Objective:To study the microsurgical anatomy of perforating branches of supraclinoid portion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) Method: Twenty adult cadaveric heads were examined under microscope of 5 to 25 magnification The supraclinoid portion of the ICA were dissected and measured Results: The number of perforationg arteries arising from the ophthalmic segment ranged from two to seven (average 4 0) Most of them arose from inferomedian aspect of the ICA, these branches distributed mainly to the infundibulum of the pituitary gland and optic chiasm Only one or two perforating branches arose from communicating segment in 20% specimen. The number of perforating arteries arising from the choroidal segment ranged from one to six (average 2 97) Most of them arose from the posterior surface of ICA These branches distributed to the anterior perforated substance and optic tract Conclusion: Being familiar with the microsurgical anatomy of the perforating buanches can reduce the postoperative complication of sellar region tumors