实证心理学的反动与常识心理学的地位

Retroaction of Empirical Psychology and Status of Commonsense Psychology

100年来,心理学家致力于人性的研究,试图通过描述、理解人类心理行为活动的普遍规律,进而实现对人自身的控制。然而我们发现,作为科学的心理学和心理学家在运用心理学分析人、控制人方面,远远不如官员、商人、作家的观察和经验总结。20世纪90年代以来,世界心理学界有许多学者开始反思实证主义的弊端,其中英国的保罗.凯琳和中国的陈立的批评最值得关注。同时,恢复常识心理学地位、宽容主位研究、行动研究、叙事研究、思辩研究、案例研究的呼声也日益高涨。我们认为,主流心理学应该承认常识心理学,将那些商人、作家的观察和经验总结,作为常识心理学的组成部分,摆脱话语的霸权,容纳多种方法的研究,有利于心理学学的科学发展。

Psychologists commit themselves to research of human nature in 100 years.They attempt to understand the common regular patterns of human＇s psychological activity though description,and to achieve controlling humankind itself.However,we found that the psychology as a science and the psychologists in terms of analyzing and controlling human not a quarter as good as observing and experience summary of government officials,businessmen and authors.Many scholars in psychology circles beginning to introspect the disadvantages of positivism since the 1990s.The criticisms of British Paul.Karen and Chinese ChenLi are more pressing concern.Simultaneously,the voices calling for reinstating the status of commonsense psychology and admitting emic approach,action research,narrative inquiry,speculation research and case study are increasingly rising.We believe that the mainstream psychology should admit to commonsense psychology.The observing and experience summary of government officials,businessmen and authors should be a part of commonsense psychology.Breaking away from saying hegemony and containing multi-methods researches would be propitious to scientific development of psychology.