藏族传统宗教的政治属性

The Political Property of Tibetan Traditional Religions

宗教文化是藏族传统文化的一个基本特征,它包括苯教文化和藏传佛教文化等。这种文化以信仰对象的神圣者为中心,即以信仰为本位,以宗教道德为人们思想行为的准则和规范,以神佛的观念解释世界和人与自然、人与人的关系,对神佛、菩萨、高僧的信仰崇拜是希望的寄托,以解脱成佛为最高理想,即追求精神的解脱。在藏族社会的发展过程中,作为黏合剂和道德资源,宗教尤其是藏传佛教发挥了社会控制、稳定秩序、凝聚力量等重要的为政治服务的作用。

Tibetan religious culture, as a fundamental feature of traditional culture, constitutes B?n religious culture and Tibetan Buddhism culture. It regards the divine in the beliefs as the core and religious morals as the norms of behavior and thinking, using religious deities to interpret the world, the relations between human beings and nature, and the relations between human beings. Hopes are rested upon the faith of religious deities, Boddhisattva and eminent monks. Emancipation of attaining Buddhahood, or the pursuit of spiritual emancipation is the supreme ideals. The political roles of religions, which serve as the adhesive and moral resources of Tibetan social development, are demonstrated in their functions of social control, stability maintenance, cohesion power, etc.