论保险缔约告知义务——新《保险法》第16条的适用与完善

On the Pre-contractual Duty of Disclosure in Insurance Law——Application and Improvement of Article 16 of the Insurance Law

我国新《保险法》第16条关于告知义务的规定存在一些法律漏洞。在司法实践中,应通过对告知义务主体的扩张解释,要求被保险人在一定情形下也负有告知义务;对"重要事实"的认定上应采"决定性影响"标准;在"重要事实"的评价基准人选择上应采"谨慎保险人"标准;以是否足以影响保险人承保及保险人提高保险费率作为利益考量的基本要素,建构保险合同双方当事人的利益平衡机制。

There are some defects in the regulation of the duty of disclosure in article 16 of the new Insurance Law of China. In judiciary practice,it is necessary for the insured to have the duty of disclosure by expanded explanation of disclosure subject. As to the identification of ＂important fact＂ ,it is necessary to take the standards of ＂decisive influence＂ ,while in the selection of evaluation benchmarkers,it is necessary to take the standard of ＂prudent insurer＂ ; and it is necessary to construct a benefit balancing mechanism of both parties of an insurance contract depending on whether the application of duty of disclosure has effect on raising insurance premium.