抗SEA鸡卵黄抗体ELISA用于大山区血吸虫病诊断的研究

Study on anti-SEA chicken egg yolk antibody ELISA for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in mountainous areas

目的评价抗SEA鸡卵黄抗体(anti-SEAIgY)ELISA用于大山区血吸虫病诊断的效果。方法对大山区血吸虫病流行区506位居民进行粪检,同时用anti-SEAIgY-ELISA(以IgY作为捕捉抗体,以酶标NP28-5B为检测抗体)和血吸虫抗体ELISA检测试剂盒(SEA-ELISA)对其血清进行检测,评价anti-SEAIgY-ELISA的敏感性。实验设非流行区200份血清作对照以确定方法的特异性。结果 anti-SEAIgY-ELISA和SEA-ELISA与粪检的阳性符合率分别为92.68%(152/164)和89.02%(146/164),特异性分别为99.00%(198/200)和95.00%(190/200),差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);在粪虫卵孵化阴性人群,anti-SEAIgY-ELISA和SEA-ELISA阳性率分别为31.00%(106/342)和83.63%(286/342),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 anti-SEAIgY ELISA可用于大山区血吸虫病诊断。

Objective To evaluate the potential for anti-SEA chicken egg yolk antibody（anti-SEA IgY） ELISA to diagnose schistosomiasis in mountainous areas where the disease was prevalent.Methods A total of 506 inhabitants of mountainous areas where the disease was prevalent were examined using a stool examination for parasites.Sera samples from the 506 villagers were tested with anti-SEA IgY-ELISA（using IgY as the capture antibody and NP28-5B conjugated with HRP as the detection antibody） and SEA-ELISA.The sensitivity of anti-SEA IgY ELISA was estimated.Two hundred sera samples from areas where the disease was not prevalent served as a control to determine specificity in the experiment.Results The rate of concordance for a positive reaction on the stool examination according to anti-SEA IgY ELISA and SEA-ELISA was 92.68%（152/164） and 89.02%（146/164）,respectively.Specificity of each method was 99.00%（198/200） and 95.00%（190/200）,respectively,with no significant difference between the two（P0.05）.However,the sera from persons negative for hatching eggs in stool was positive for schistosomiasis at a rate of 31.00%（106/342） according to anti-SEA IgY-ELISA and positive for schistosomiasis at a rate of 83.63%（286/342） according to SEA-ELISA;the difference between the two techniques was significant（P0.05）.Conclusion Anti-SEA IgY ELISA can be used to diagnose schistosomiasis in mountainous areas.