论伊瑟尔的文学-人类学本体论——以《虚构与想像》为对象

On Wolfgang Iser's Literature—Anthropology Ontology——A Study Based on Imagination and Fiction

伊瑟尔在当代语境中讨论文学本体论问题,建立以虚构与想像为中心的文学-人类学本体论。虚构与想像作为文学文本活动的运行机制,联系于人的存在,所反映的是人作为角色在转换中不断生成的"总体性",即"可塑性",伊瑟尔循此提出文学模型,提出文学模型与人类学模型的同一论。伊瑟尔文学人类学的基本理论资源是索绪尔以来的现代语言学,他的文学-人类学模型论在认识论视野展开,包含了对文学的理解和对人的理解的单质性,这为我国当今文学本体论建设,提供了一面镜子。

In discussing literature ontology in the contemporary context, Wolfgang Iser set up the literatureanthropology ontology based on fiction and imagination. As an operational mechanism of literary text discourse, fiction and imagination are related to the human＇s existence, and reflect the totality generated constantly in the transformation by human beings, which is ＂malleability＂, thus Wolfgang Iser put forward the literature model, the conformity of literature model with anthropology model. The fundamental theo- retical resources of Wolfgang Iser＇s literature anthropology are the modern linguistics since Saussur. His literature-anthropology model widens the views of epistemology including the understanding of literature and simplicity of understanding man, which provides some reference for construction of modern literature ontology in China.