质子交换膜燃料电池电催化剂研究及膜电极制备技术

Fabrication technology of MEA and the electrocatalyst for PEMFC

阻碍质子交换膜燃料电池商业化的关键问题之一是其电催化剂昂贵。文中对质子交换膜燃料电池中铂系电催化剂、非铂系电催化剂研究情况进行评述。影响催化活性的基本因素是电催化剂的颗粒尺寸及其表面功能群。将不同组分混合形成的共生材料的催化活性要比单一材料的活性高。膜电极结构和性能与膜电极制备技术密切相关。分析结果表明，在质子交换膜燃料电池商业化进程中，不仅要开发纳米级、低成本的电催化剂，更应提高电催化剂利用率。

One of the main barrier for the commercialization of PEMFC is the higher expensiveness to the electrocatalyst.The research on the platinum and the substitution of platinum electrocatalyst for the electrode of PEMFCs has been reviewed.The electrocatalytic activity was affected by the particle size and surface functional group.The activity of synergistic system in electrocatalysis is more effective than that of material alone.The performance of membrane electrode assembly(MEA)has a direct bearing on its preparation technique.The analysis results show that it is important to obtain a high catalyst utilization during the commercialization process of the PEMFC technology.High utilization of the precious metal catalysts can be achieved by obtaining the highest possible surface to volume ratio of the dispersed metal.The catalyst utilization is interrelated with particle size of precious metal and the fabrication technique of membrane electrode assembly.