黑龙江莲花湖库区落叶松水源涵养林土壤水分-物理性质的空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Moisture-physical Properties in Water Conservation Forest of Larix gmelinii in Lianhua Lake Reservoir Area in Heilongjiang Province

以黑龙江省莲花湖库区落叶松水源涵养林为研究对象,运用地统计学理论与方法对森林表层土壤水分-物理性质进行空间异质性分析。结果表明:土壤含水量、土壤容重、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度均服从对数正态分布;非毛管孔隙度最优拟合模型是球状模型,其它均为指数模型。土壤含水量、土壤容重、毛管孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度块金值分别为0.165,0.045,0.234,0.240;变程分别为24.72 m,41.04 m,46.02 m,5.66 m;结构比分别为0.848,0.967,0.816,0.760;分数维分别为1.810,1.697,1.769,1.983;空间自相关系数最大值分别为0.483、0.628、0.531、0.104。可见4个因子空间自相关性均较强,并且随着空间距离增大,相关性逐渐减弱。其中土壤容重均-性较强;非毛管孔隙度空间分布形态较复杂,破碎化程度高。

Water conservation forest of Larix gmelinii in Lianhua Lake reservoir area in Heilongjiang Province is regarded as research object.Spatial distribution characteristics of soil moisture-physical properties are analyzed by geostatistical method.The results show that soil moisture content,soil bulk density,capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity all obey lognormal distribution.The optimum fitting model of non-capillary porosity is spherical model,while those of the other indicators are exponential models.As for the soil moisture content,soil bulk density,capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity,the nuggets respectively are 0.165,0.045,0.234 and 0.240;the effective ranges respectively are 24.72 m,41.04 m,46.02 m and 5.66 m;the proportions respectively are 0.848,0.967,0.816 and 0.760;the fractal statistics respectively are 1.810,1.697,1.769 and 1.983;the maximum Moran＇s I respectively are 0.483,0.628,0.531 and 0.104.Therefore,the spatial autocorrelation of soil moisture-physical properties is strong,and the correlation decreases with the increased separation distance.Soil bulk density has conspicuous homogeneous character,and non-capillary porosity has complicated spatial distribution and serious degree of fragmentation.