南方红壤丘陵区人类活动强度的空间模拟与特征分析——以衡阳盆地为例

Spatial Simulation of Human Activity Intensity in Hilly Red Soil Region of Southern China:A Case Study in Hengyang Basin,Hunan Province

人类活动强度是地理学、生态学和自然资源学等多学科研究中的重要参数,定量化和空间化是当前人类活动强度研究的重点和难点。本文针对现有的人类活动强度定量化和空间化方法的不足,提出了一种以统计学和空间分析方法的空间模拟方法,对典型的南方丘陵区衡阳盆地人类活动强度的空间分布进行了定量研究。结果表明:衡阳盆地工业活动高强度区呈现一极一带分布,衡阳市市区为极强区,祁东县、常宁市和耒阳市形成了一条南北走向的较强带,工业活动低强度区呈以衡阳市市区为中心的环状分布;农业活动强度分布呈西北向东南逐渐减弱的趋势;交通活动整体分布较为均匀,高值区主要分布在国道和省道沿线;总的人类活动强度整体表现不强,但区域差异明显,衡阳市市区及其周边区域人类活动强度最大,低强度区位于衡东县内。根据研究结果,应采取发展北部工业、加强市区对周边区域工业带动和控制西北部农业等调控策略。

Quantification and spatialization of human activity intensity are the key and difficult problems of geography,ecology and resource science as human activities are considered.There are two kinds of methods to resolve these problems,the first is by statistic data and statistical methods,and the other is by geography information data（such as traffic data） and spatial analysis methods,but the satisfied result can not be obtained from these methods.A new method that combines statistic method and GIS spatial analysis was proposed,and it was used to simulate spatial distribution of human activity intensity of Hengyang basin in southern China.The main conclusions were：（1） there are two regions of high human industrial activity intensity,one is the urban area of Hengyang city and the other is west-east band composed of Qidong,Changning and Leiyang,and the low human industrial activity intensity looked like a circle that is composed of Hengnan,Hengshan,Hengyang and Hengdong;（2） the agricultural activities decreased from north-west to south-east;（3） the difference of traffic activities of different regions was small;and（4） the total human activity intensity of the study area was small but the difference among regions is obvious,the area with the maximum value located in urban region of Hengyang city and the surrounding of it,and Hengdong got the minimum value.Some tactics should be taken to adjust human activities in the study area,such as developing industry in northern region,strengthening the impact of urban region on neighboring regions,and controlling the practice of agricultural production in north-west regions.