240/275系列柴油机钢顶铝裙活塞的设计、运用与改进

Design,application and improvement of 240/275 Series diesel engine steel head and aluminum skirt pistons

概述了２４０／２７５ 系列柴油机钢顶铝裙活塞的设计特点、有限元计算分析和一系列试验研究所取得的成果。该活塞在东风４Ｂ型机车上运用取得了良好的效果，但随着机车的提速、重载、延长中修里程，运用负荷提高，运用在东风４Ｃ货运机车和东风４Ｄ客运机车上出现了活塞裙裂损等惯性质量问题。本文综合分析了故障产生的原因，介绍了进一步改进的措施。

This paper describes the design features,FE calculation and analysis,and a series of tests and reserch achievements of 240/275 Series diesel engine steel head and aluminum skirt pistons.This piston is very suitable for DF\-\{4B\} locomotive applications.However,general quality problems such as piston skirt crack and etc occur when it is used in DF\-\{4C\} freight and DF\-\{4D\} passenger locomotives with locomotive speedup,heavier haul,prolonged medium maintenance interval and increased application load.Failure reasons are analyzed extensively and improvement measures represented in this paper.