对尿路感染的抗菌药物使用现状及致病菌耐药性认识

目的了解治疗尿路感染的抗生素使用现状和相关病原菌对常使用的抗菌药物的耐药性，并分析其中的原因。方法对天津宁河，北京景山，福建三明，江西新余四个地区的四个医院最近两年报道的尿路感染病原菌对抗菌药物的耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果致病率高的病原菌种属相同，但耐药率和各致病菌菌属占各地总致病菌的百分率呈现相对的地区差异。结论目前的尿路感染需要多过程的药物治疗，标志着更多耐药菌株的产生。临床医生应参照当地近期病原菌监测药敏结果进行最优化给药，还应根据患者的年龄性别决定是否有必要进行细菌监测及药敏分析。

Objective To obtain information on the pathogens responsible for urinary tract infection （UTI） and on their resistance patterns to the antimicrobial agents that are currently used to treat UTI , and the reason will be analysed. Methods Recourses from four hospital about resistance of pathogens responsible for UTI in Tian jin , Bei jing , Fu jian and Jiang xi were retrospectively analysed. Result The generic pathogens leading to UTI are quite similar and the percentage in their own amount are different. Conclusion Recurrent UTI requires multi course of antibiotic therapy , markedly increasing the incidence of multidrug-resistant （MDR） bacteria .It is very important for physicians to ＂know the latest susceptibility data nearby for UTI in order to optimize the using of empirical therapy , and it is determined by the age and gender.