中国近代园林史上三个重要标志特征

The Three Important Symbolic Characteristics in Modern Chinese Garden History

中国的近代可分为辛亥革命前的后清阶段和辛亥革命后的民国阶段。这期间,中国的园林也被深深地打上了各种时代的烙印。分析了中国近代园林史上3个重要标志:一是北京皇家园林1860年和1900年经历的2次罹难,以及慈禧用海军经费重建颐和园。二是租界和洋务运动带来的西方城市规划、建筑、园林的理论与实践同中国的嫁接、融合,出现了一大批西式的特别是中西合璧的建筑和庭院园林,其平面布局、建筑风格和艺术特征都带有鲜明的所谓民国味。三是城市公园开始批量显现。

The modern history of China can be into two periods： the late Qing Dynasty before the Revolution of 1911, and the Republic of China after the Revolution of 1911. Among these, Chinese gardens were also deeply marked by the stigma of all times. In this paper the three important symbolic characteristics in modern Chinese garden history are analyzed： first, the royal gardens in Beijing experienced man-made disasters in 1860 and 1900, and Empress Dowager Cixi spent the navy funding for the reconstruction of the Summer Palace. Second, the theories and practices of Western urban planning, architecture, and landscape, brought by the foreign concessions and the Westernization Movement, grafted and fused with Chinese ones, and there has been a large number of Western style, especially Chinese and Western combined style buildings and courtyard gardens, whose layouts, architectural styles and artistic characteristics all have distinctive so-called ＂Republic of China＂ taste. Third, city parks began to appear in batches.