我国沙尘天气微气象学和湍流输送特征研究进展

Review on Characteristics of Micrometeorology and Turbulent Transfer During Dust Events in China

基于风蚀起沙的物理机制,从微气象学角度回顾了国内沙尘天气的研究进展,介绍了沙尘天气过程近地面层微气象学特征,以及湍流通量演变规律和湍流作用对沙尘暴过程参数化的影响。同时,结合国外的相关研究,探讨了国内在沙尘天气研究方面存在的不足和今后的研究方向,如:开展沙尘暴过程数值模式湍流参数化方案的分析及与卫星和实验观测结果的比对研究;获取沙尘天气过程近地面层气象要素垂直廓线的精细分布,加深理解不同沙尘天气演变规律及特征;加强不同沙尘源区土壤湿度对起沙阈值影响的研究;开展不同粒径土壤的起沙率以及沙尘通量廓线演变规律的研究等。

Based on the physical mechanism of wind erosion and dust emission,the advances on dust storms in China were reviewed from the micrometeorological perspective,the characteristics of micrometeorological variables and the evolutional discipline of turbulent fluxes during dust events as well as atmospheric turbulence effect on parameterization of dust storms were introduced.Meanwhile,combining with relevant research abroad,shortness at present and research direction in the future about dust events research were discussed,including taking different turbulence parameterization schemes in dust storms modeling and comparing the results with the field and satellite observations;obtaining the high quality profiles of meteorological variables in the surface layer during dust events;studying the influences of soil moisture on dust emission thresholds over various dust sources;measuring and modeling dust emission rates of different soil particle size bins and dust flux profiles.