死亡与再生——古典悲剧、悲喜剧再辨识

Death and Rebirth——A Way to Classify Classic Tragedies and Tragicomedies

在我国戏剧界,运用"喜—悲—喜"结构创作的古代戏曲作品,有的被划入悲剧,有的被划入喜剧,剩下的则称之为悲喜剧,戏曲的划分相当混乱,与悲剧的纠缠尤其严重。实际上,在古代戏曲的分类上,应该坚持三分法,将"喜—悲—喜"结构的戏曲作品称为悲喜剧。古典悲剧以"死亡"作结,悲喜剧以"再生"作结,二者结局判然有别,不应混淆。

In Chinese theatrical circles, the classic drama produced with a ＂happiness-sadness-happi- ness＂ structure are divided, some into the tragedy catalogue, some into comedy catalogue, while the rest are regarded as tragicomedies, which are in complete disorder and particularly greatly tangled with trage- dies. In fact, with regards to classifying classic drama, it is advised to insist on a ＂three-division＂ method, namely, to classify those drama with ＂happiness-sadness-happiness＂ structure as tragicomedies; the drama with ＂death ending＂ are classified as classic tragedies, while those with ＂rebirth ending＂ are as tragicomedies. So, there is of great difference between their ends, which should not be confounded.