小麦不同类型品种群体根系活性与成穗数的关系

Relationship between Varieties with Different Heading Rate and Root Activity

用网袋栽培和田间试验相结合的方法，比较研究了小麦不同分率成穗类型品种群体根系活性与成穗数的关系及不同类型品种干物质的分配规律。结果表明，尽管分蘖成穗率低的大穗型品种（鲁麦22号、鲁麦23号）群体根系活性较强，分蘖成穗率高的多穗型品种（鲁麦14号、济南17号）群体根系活性较弱，但每形成一个穗子，大穗型品种需要较多的根系活性来支持，而多穗型品种则需要较小的根系活性来支持。对不同类型品种干物质分配规律的研究表明，大穗型品种分配到茎鞘中的干物质比例较大，而多穗型品种分配到穗部的干物质较多。文中讨论了多穗型品种提高成穗率的关键措施及高产栽培条件下小麦品种类型的选择问题。

The relationship between varieties with different heading rate and root activity was studiedusing both mesh-bag cultivation and field trial.The results showed that there was significant difference ofroot activity between varieties with different beading rate(variehes with larger head but fewer ears per area,and varieties with small head but more ears per area) .The number of ears per area relied on both mass root activity of cultivars and the root activity. Although the varieties with larger ear and less heading rate(Lumai22 and lumai 23) had stronger mass root activity than varieties with small ear and more heading rate,and interms of root activity needed by one ear,the former is much more than the later.In the other word, in orderto establish a certain number of ears per area ,the varieties with larger ear needed much more root activitythan varieties with small ear and more heading rate.The key techniques for increasing heading rate and theselection of varieties under the condition of high-yielding cultivation were discussed in this paper.