长江三峡以上洪水组成分析

Analysis of flood composition in upper stream of TGP

利用宜昌、寸滩、屏山、高场、富顺、北碚、武隆7站1951-2008年共58 a的洪水系列,并对宜昌站2003-2008年流量资料进行还原推算,详尽分析了三峡及三峡以上各主要干支流年最大洪水出现规律;三峡洪水汛期洪量组成以及年最大7,15,30,60 d洪量组成。结果表明：金沙江、嘉陵江和岷江来水是三峡洪水的基础,寸滩-宜昌站区间来水量对三峡洪水起到加帽、造峰作用,两者来水遭遇常形成高峰洪水。分析成果能够为三峡水库调度运行提供重要的技术依据。

The reduction calculation on discharge data at Yichang Station from 2003-2008 was conducted using 58 years＇ flood series from 1951-2008 at 7 stations of Yichang,Cuntan,Pingshan,Gaochang,Fushun,Beipei and Wulong.We analyzed occurrence law of annual maximum flood of mainstream and tributaries of the Yangtze River at TGP and upper stream area of TGP in detail,including the compositions of flood volume in flood season and annual maximum7d,15d,30d and 60d flood volumes at TGP.The result shows that the flood at TGP mainly comes from the Jinsha River,the Jialing River and Minjiang River and the flood between Cuntan Station and Yichang Station increases flood peak.Therefore,the encounter of the upstream flood and intervening floods usually causes high-level flood.The research result provides technical support for operation and regulation of Three Gorges Reservoir.