四川西北部主要森林植被类型土壤养分库比较研究

Comparison of Soil Nutrient Storage of Forest Vegetation Type in Northwest of Sichuan Province

在四川西北部沿都江堰-映秀-小金在不同海拔梯度选择16个典型群落类型森林土壤测定了土壤有机碳、活性有机碳、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量,揭示了该区域不同群落类型森林土壤氮储量及其垂直分布和土壤养分库状况,分析了不同群落类型土壤碳氮关系和碳氮与养分因子关系。结果表明,不同森林植被类型土壤氮储量差异明显,全氮含量在0.78～3.51g/kg,密度在0.77～2.84kg/m2。亚高山森林植被类型土壤的氮含量整体上高于低山森林植被类型;16种森林植被类型土壤养分库有明显差异,在36.07～73.45kg/m2之间。总体上原始天然林较人工林的土壤养分库高,反映出植被越原始则养分库越高,16种森林植被类型土壤中总有机碳、活性有机碳、碳库管理指数和全氮均表现出显著线性关系,其中活性有机碳含量为29.63%～87.00%,密度分配为29.49%～76.08%,以落羽杉人工林为参照碳库管理指数为70.63%～2 138.11%,碳库质量优良;碳氮比为6.89～13.80,对林木生长较为适宜。其成果为该区域森林经营和因5.12地震植被恢复和生态重建提供科学依据。

Organic carbon storage,active organic carbon storage,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium of the forest soil in the west section of Longmen Mountain,located in the Dujiangyan-Yingxiu-Xiaojin area,were determined using the sample soil of 16 typical plant communities in different altitude.These data indicated nitrogen storage and its vertical distribution and soil nutrient storage of the forest soil from different plant communities.As the results showed,soil nitrogen reserves of different forest vegetation types varied significantly,which the total nitrogen content varied between 0.78-3.51 g/kg and the density varied between 0.77-2.84 kg/m^2.We also found out that the total nitrogen content of soil in subal-pine forest vegetation was higher than soil in low mountain forest vegetation type,and there were significant differences between the soil nutrient storage of 16 forest vegetation type,which varied between 36.07-73.45 kg/m^2.In general,the soil nutrient storage of original natural forest was higher than artificial forest,which indicated that the more original the forest vegetation was the higher of its nutrient storage.The total organic carbon,active organic carbon,carbon management index and total carbon of soil nutrient storage in 16 forest vegetation type all showed significant linear relationships,which the content of active organic carbon varied between 29.63%-87.00%,the distribution of density varied between 29.49%-76.08%,the carbon management index which took the artificial bald cypress forest as a reference varied between 70.63%-2 138.11%,and the ratio of carbon and nitrogen varied between 6.89-13.80,which was appropriate to the growth of forest.The relationships turned out in our researches of carbon,nitrogen and nutrient factor provided scientific support for the forest management,revitalization of the vegetarian cover and ecology reconstruction after the ＂5·12＂ Wenchuan earthquake.