建国初期来华苏联法学专家的群体考察

A Study of Soviet Jurists Who Worked in China during the Early Period of the Founding of New China

来华苏联法学专家已知有35人,他们任职于重要的岗位,因而能对新中国法制建设产生重要的影响。这是一个年富力强的群体,他们中不少人工作经验丰富,有多年法律工作经历,学术造诣较高,这通常意味着他们对苏联的法律制度、法学教育与研究有一定了解,在传授苏联法制经验方面具有很强的能力。来华苏联法学专家从不懂汉语、无中国法制方面研究成果,到研究中国法制并取得成就,除了再次证明他们具有较高素质和能力外,还体现了他们在苏联经验和中国实际相结合上所做的努力及成效。了解来华苏联法学专家这样一个群体后,便不难理解苏联法制为什么能够深深地影响中国法制。

There were 35 Soviet jurists coming to China during the early period of the founding of New China. All of them held important posts then and therefore, had a significant influence on the building up of legal system in China. Young and energetic, and having relatively rich work experience in legal field, these specialists were of high academic attainments. This means that they were pretty familiar with the legal system, legal education and legal studies in the former Soviet Union. Definitely, they were competent for passing on the experience of Soviet legal system. When they came to China, they did not know Chinese language and had not done any research on Chinese legal system. However, with great efforts, they became ＂China hands＂ on Chinese legal system and scored outstanding achievements. This had not only proved their relatively high qualities and abilities, but also showed their efforts and success in combining Soviet experience with Chinese conditions. Studying this group of Soviet jurists helps us better understand why the former Soviet legal system has such deep influence on Chinese legal system.