我国三种野生稻及其与栽培稻种间杂种外稃表面显微特征的比较观察

Observation on Micromorphology of Lemma Surface in Three Wild Oryza Species and Their Hybrids with Cultivated Species

用扫描电镜对栽培稻的两个籼型品种（Ｏｒｙｚａｓａｔｉｖａｓｕｂｓｐ．ｉｎｄｉｃａ）、普通野生稻（Ｏ．ｒｕｆｉｐｏｇｏｎ）、药用野生稻（Ｏ．ｏｆｆｉｃｉｎａｌｉｓ）、疣粒野生稻（Ｏ．ｍｅｙｅｒｉａｎａ）及野生稻与栽培稻的种间杂种Ｆ１的外稃表面显微特征进行了比较研究，观察到外稃表面的显微特征有明显的种间差异，并初步概述了三种野生稻的乳突特征。栽培稻与野生稻的种间杂种外稃显微特征受亲本影响，其中乳突座间距、列宽主要受野生稻亲本影响；底座以上的峰突特征如峰距、峰数则表现为栽培稻亲本的特征；乳突分布密度表现为超亲现象。

The micromorphology of lemma in species of Oryza sativa subsp. indica, O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, O. meyeriana, and the hybrids of wild rice species with cultivated rice were compared and studied with scanning electronic microscope. The distinguished difference between species was observed and the characters of papillae of the three wild rice species were described. For the hybrids of cultivated rice with wild rice, the micromorphology of lemma was influenced by the parents. The trait of column width and the distance between papillae unit came from the wild rice parent; the distance between peaks and peak numbers took after the cultivated rice; lastly, the density of papillae was superior to both parents.