医学营养治疗在糖尿病防治中的应用进展

Progress of Medical Nutrition Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes

医学营养治疗(medical nutrition therapy,MNT)是生活方式干预的一个重要组成部分,不仅可使糖尿病的发病的危险降低30%～58%,同时也在治疗糖尿病及其并发症方面发挥着极其重要的作用。MNT可使1型和2型糖尿病患者的糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbAlc)水平分别降低1%～2%,使低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)降低150～250mg/L,约3～6个月显效。本文将系统阐述MNT在糖尿病防治中的治疗原则及标准、膳食处方及其在全球的发展与应用。

As a part of intervention to lifestyle, the Medical Nutrition Therapy（MNT）could not only reduce the risk of diabetes by 30%-58%, but also control and prevent diabetes-related complications. A reduction of HbAlc（by 1% of patients with type 1 diabetes and 1%-2% of patients with type 2 diabetes）and LDL-C level（by 150-250 mg/d）was found 3 to 6 months after MNT. This article discuss the principles and standards of MNT, dietary treatments, as well as the global progress and application of MNT systematically.