对社区精神分裂症患者实施家庭访视的康复效果研究

The healing effect of home visit on community schizophrenia patients

目的 探讨家庭访视对改善社区精神分裂症患者家庭环境和生活质量的效果.方法 将临床＂痊愈＂出院的精神分裂症患者240例随机分为研究组（120例）和对照组（120例）,出院后两组患者均给予抗精神药物维持治疗和一般的心理健康教育.研究组在上述基础上,实施为期1年的以家庭访视为模式的护理干预.于出院后每3个月深入家庭进行家访;于1年后,采用家庭环境量表（FES）、社会功能缺陷评定量表（SDSS）、生活质量综合评定问卷（gQOLI）以及简明精神病量表（BPRS）分别对两组患者的家庭环境状况、社会功能、生活质量以及病情进行评估.结果 1年后,研究组患者的家庭环境、社会功能、生活质量以及病情总体上优于对照组,有显著性差异（P＜0.01）.结论 家庭环境、精神病性症状和社会功能缺陷影响着精神分裂症患者的生活质量,家庭访视护理干预能改善精神分裂症患者的家庭环境,提高患者的社会功能,稳定和改善患者的病情,有助于患者的康复和生活质量的改善.

Objective To investigate the healing effect of home visit on community schizophrenia patients. Methods A total of 240 schizophrenia patients who had been cured were divided into control and investigation groups, each for 120 cases. After leaving hospital,the two groups patients were all treated with drug and mental health education, and investigation group was given additional nursing intervention every three months. After 1 year, FES, SDSS, Gqoli and BPRS were used to assess the family circunstance, social function, life quality and patients＇condition of the two groups. Results The family circumstance, social function, life quality and patients＇condition of investigation group were better than those of control group after one year, there was significant difference between the two groups （P 〈0. 01 ） . Conclusion Family circumstance and the deficient of social function affect schizophrenia patients＇ life qualities, home visit could improve the schizophrenia patients＇family circumstance, enhance patients＇ social function, improve patients＇condition, and help to patients＇healing.