老年心力衰竭78例临床特点分析

The clinical features of hear failure in 78 elderly patients

目的探讨老年心力衰竭患者的临床特点和治疗效果。方法选择我院78例老年心力衰竭患者，对其基础疾病、诱因、临床表现、治疗和转归等方面进行分析。结果在老年心力衰竭的基础疾病中，以冠心病为最多，其次是高血压性心脏病，居第三的是肺源性心脏病；老年心力衰竭患者主要表现为心悸、气喘、咳嗽、咳痰、呼吸困难等症状；多数老年心力衰竭患者发病为明确的诱因所致，其中在明确诱因中，呼吸道感染居首；本组78例患者进过个体化治疗后，60例出院，占76．9％；14例患者因治疗效果不佳而反复住院或者转院，占17．9％；4例死亡，占5．1％。结论引起老年心力衰竭基础疾病种类多，主要病因为冠心病；多数患者发病有明确的诱因，诱因主要是呼吸道感染；在治疗时要注意个体化用药，要控制好血压、改善心肌缺血缺氧状态、预防和治疗呼吸道感染，同时要进行强心、利尿等治疗。

Objective To explore the clinical features of hear failure in elderly patients. Methods The pre-existing diseases, predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed in 78 elderly patients with heart failure. Results Coronary heart disease was the most common pre-existing disease in the patients, hypertensive heart disease was the second, and pulmonary heart disease was the third. Clinical manifestations were mainly palpitation, asthma, cough, expectoration, and dyspnea. The occurrence of heart failure had obvious predisposing factors in most of the patients and respiratory tract infection was the major cause. After individualized treatment, 60 patients （ 76.9% ） were released from hospital; 14 （ 17.9% ） had to be rehospitalized or transfered to other hospitals because of failure of treatment. 4 （ 5.1% ） were dead. Conclusions The pre-existing diseases vary in patients who occur heart failure and coronary heart disease is the major cause. Most patients have obvious predisposing factors for heart failure and respiratory tract infection is the primary factor.