理性的有限性与形而上学的可能性——论迈蒙尼德关于理性与信仰关系的思想

The Limit of Reason and the Possibility of Metaphysics——On the Maimonides Thought about Relationship Between Belief and Reason

中世纪犹太哲学家迈蒙尼德继承古希腊的理性精神对犹太教的传统进行合理性论证,同时又保留了理性不可企及的信仰领域。在关于理性与信仰关系的探讨所彰显的理性有限性思想及对形而上学可能性的肯定态度,源于亚里士多德的双重形而上学思想,哲学形而上学的理性努力并不能替代神学形而上学的信仰魅力。而近代的斯宾诺莎和康德一定程度上承续并推动了迈蒙尼德处理理性与信仰关系及理性有限性的思维方式,这根本上是由于他们哲学的终极旨趣都在于对人的终极关怀的关切。

Maimonides,a Medieval Jewish philosopher,inherited the rational spirit of the ancient Greek to argue tradition of Judaism,while retaining faith in the field of ration unattainable.He inquired about the relationship between reason and belief,and showed that the power of reason was limited.He had positive attitude toward the possibility of metaphysics.His notion was from Aristotle＇s thought of double metaphysics.Philosophical metaphysics of the rational efforts and theological metaphysics of belief charm were not substituted each other.His efforts were not alone.To some extent,Spinoza and Kant inherited and developed Maimonides＇ way of thinking about relationship between belief and reason as well as reason limited.It is basically because the ultimate purpose of their philosophy is human ultimate concern.