美国工业化阶段的历史评估

Review on the History of American Industrialization

工业化是通向现代化社会的基本途径。美国是人类历史上最大的工业化国家,曾拥有最为完整的工业体系和最为规范的工业化路径,其工业化经验对同为大国的中国具有一定的借鉴意义。本文依据发展经济学结构学派的工业化阶段理论,主要采用部门结构和人均收入的动态指标,对美国工业化过程的起讫时间进行了界定,然后将该过程划分为轻工业化、重工业化和技术集约化三个基本阶段,并根据产业重心不同将重工业化阶段分解为前后两个半段,并给出了每一阶段的具体时间范围。这种研究有助于从整体上把握美国工业化的全貌,并展现出美国经济崛起的历史轨迹。

Industrialization is indispensable for developing economies＇ modernization. America, as an economic behemoth,had the largest industrial system and a comparatively normal industrialization path in world history. A study of American industrializations,to some extend, can help China make development strategy in 21st century. In this article the author examined American industrialization and divided the whole course into three phases namely light industrialization phase,heavy industrialization phase and technical-intensive-orientation phase according to the change of industrial and income per capita This study will be helpful for us to outline the historical track of American rising.