居延汉简所见“罢卒”

A Study of Bazu (veterans) in Juyan Wooden Slips of the Han Dynasty

汉代戍边的戍卒役期一般为一年。服役期满的戍卒,即为罢卒,开始复员返乡。戍所根据戍卒名籍,制好罢卒名籍,同时戍所也为罢卒返乡做好其他的准备工作。罢卒应该上交所配备的公家的兵器。各燧的罢卒先后被带领到候官、太守府,然后集中罢遣。罢卒返乡路上,仍由官吏带领,饮食费用则由国家提供。罢卒的行进速度似乎也有某种规定。罢卒在到达各自郡国后,可能由各自所属之县派员去迎接,并最终被带领回到家乡。

The service time that guardsmen of Han＇s frontier fortress was one year. Guardsmen who expired the service time were called Bazu （veterans） ,and they began to be demobilized. Frontier fortress would write down their names. At the same time, they would do some preparatory work for the veterans. Veterans should hand in the assigned weapons. And then they from Sui （燧） would be guided by garrison officials to Houguan （候官）and the satrap mansion, and they would be sent home all together. On the road,they were supervised by officials and supplied with all cost like foods, etc. It seemed to have some rules of the velocity of veterans march. After veterans arrived in the county town, they would be led to their hometown by the officials.