鸡基因MC3R和MC4R的RFLP多态性及其与胴体性状的相关性

Restriction fragment length polymorphism in MC3R and MC4R genes and their association with carcass traits in chicken

采用PCR-RFLP方法,检测黑素皮质素受体3基因(MC3R)和受体4基因(MC4R)在济宁百日鸡、汶上芦花鸡和莱芜黑鸡中的多态性,并分析各多态位点不同基因型与鸡胴体性状的相关性,在3个供试群体中共检测到2个突变位点,分别在MC3R基因1424nt处(A→G)和MC4R基因923nt处(G→T),并据此分别建立了2个基因的DdeⅠ和FbrⅠ限制性内切酶检测体系.MC3R基因多态位点对活体重(P=0.0418)和胸肌重(P=0.0126)有显著影响;MC4R基因多态位点对肌间脂宽(P=0.0366)有显著影响.多重比较结果表明,在MC3R基因多态位点产生的3种基因型中,MN基因型个体的活体重和胸肌重均显著高于基因型MM个体和NN个体(P<0.05),屠体重和半净膛重均显著高于MM个体,全净膛重显著高于MN个体;MC4R基因多态位点产生的3种基因型中,AB基因型个体的屠体率和肌间脂宽均显著高于基因型BB个体(P<0.05).

The SNPs of MC3R and MC4R genes in Jining Bairi chicken,Wenshang Luhua chicken and Laiwu Black chicken were detected by PCR-RFLP method.And the correlation between the polymorphism loci and the carcass traits were analyzed.As a result,an A/G mutation at nt 1 424 in MC3R gene and a G/T mutation at nt 923 in MC4R gene were identified,and the corresponding detection systems of Dde Ⅰ and FbrⅠwere established.The statistical analysis showed that the MC3R polymorphism locus had a significant association with live weight （P=0.041 8） and breast muscle weight （P=0.012 6）.The MC4R polymorphism locus had a significant association with intermuscular fat width （P=0.036 6）.The multiple-range test indicated that in MC3R polymorphism locus,the LSM of live body weight,carcass weight,semi-eviscerated weight,eviscerated weight and breast muscle weight of MN chickens were significantly higher than MM chickens or NN chickens （P 0.05）.In MC4R polymorphism locus,the percentage of LSM of carcass and intermuscular fat width of AB chickens were significantly higher than BB chickens （P 0.05）.