台湾产业政策中的“适度逆比较优势策略”——兼论“产业创新条例”的意涵

The Proper Reverse Comparative Advantages Strategy in Taiwan's Industrial Policy and the Background of Industrial Innovation Act

"适度逆比较优势策略"的主要含义:一是由于比较优势产生的源泉不同,发展中国家或地区应交替运用比较优势策略和逆比较优势策略促进经济发展;二是发展中国家或地区可以采取逆比较优势策略加速产业结构演进,而在与发达经济产业结构相同或相似后整体上应改采比较优势策略;三是采取逆比较优势策略时,一般不能跳跃特定产业发展阶段。台湾战后半个多世纪,产业结构的顺利演进与其产业政策基本采取"适度逆比较优势策略"有关,新出台的"产业创新条例"标志着台湾产业政策开始从"产业导向的经济政策"向"创新导向的经济政策"转变,"比较优势策略"将取代原来的"逆比较优势策略"成为经济发展战略的主轴。

Based on the theoretical analysis of ＂Proper Reverse Comparative Advantages Strategy＂, which means government should alternatively use ＂ Comparative Advantages Strategy＂ and ＂ Reverse Comparative Advantages Strategy＂ according to the different development phases of the economy. This paper points out that Taiwan＇ s industrial policy has been following basically ＂The Proper Reverse Comparative Advantages Strategy＂ since 1950＇ s. ＂Industrial Innovation Act＂ which comes on recently means ＂ Comparative Advantages Strategy＂ instead of ＂ Reverse Comparative Advantages Strategy＂ becomes the key industrial policy of Taiwan, and Taiwan＇ s industrial policy turns from industry-oriented to innovation-oriented.