中药上黄曲霉毒素的污染现状与防除技术

Aflatoxin contamination of Chinese herbal medicine in China and its potential management strategies

发霉现象在中药材种植、加工、贮藏等系列环节中普遍存在,由此导致的真菌毒素污染会严重影响中药的质量及安全。作者总结了近10年来我国有关中药材及中成药上黄曲霉毒素(AFT)污染状况的报道,对毒素的污染途径、影响因子以及现代防控技术进行了分析,在此基础上,提出今后应加强的研究重点。目前我国中药上AFT的污染状况不容忽视。在防控技术上,通过改变环境因子抑制产毒真菌的生长,是减少黄曲霉毒素最为简便和有效的途径,而生物防治则在药材田间生产的环节中是一种很有发展前景的方法。

The mould phenomenon occurred commonly in the cultivation, processing and storage period of medicinal materials, which may result in production of mycotoxins. Mycotoxin contaminations caused by fungi are major issues related to the quality and safety of Chinese herbal medicine. This review summarized the work published in aflatoxins contamination of Chinese herbal medicine in China through the previous decade. The conclusion to be drawn from this survey is that aflatoxin exposure remains an important aspect of Chinese herbal medicine safety which needs to be paid great attention. We raised some points that should be focused on in future. The strategies of changing environment to suppress growth of toxin-producing fungus, so as to reduce aflatoxins are the most practical and effective ways, while biological control in the field production is a promising approach.