世界主要国家和地区学前教育免费政策:特点及启示

The Free Early Childhood Education Policies of Main Countries and Regions in the World:Features and Inspirations

为了切实保障适龄儿童,尤其是弱势儿童享有平等的学前教育权利,世界许多国家和地区政府积极实行学前教育免费政策,强力推进学前教育普及。其免费学前教育政策主要呈现以下特点:以政府为主导,以政策制度为保障,强力推进学前教育免费;以政府财政投入为主,建立免费学前教育经费保障机制;分阶段逐步推进免费学前教育;以弱势群体为优先,重点保障免费对象,促进学前教育公平;多种形式相结合,实施免费学前教育。这些政策与经验对于我国制定并推行免费的学前教育政策具有重要的借鉴价值。

In order to ensure children, especially the social disadvantaged children the equal right to early childhood education, many countries and regions in the World implement the free early childhood education policies. By analyzing these policies, the authors point out that there are five main features as follows：taking government- dominant strategy and formulating policies and system;building up the financial guaranteeing mechanism; implementing free policies by stages; taking the social disadvantaged children as the key subsidizing groups;im- plementing free education in various forms and ways. Those experiences provide important inspirations for us to formulate and implement the free early childhood education policies.