汉代舞龙之证据再认识

Re-interpretation on the Documentary Evidences of Dragon Dance in Han Dynasty

舞龙的起源问题是舞龙基础研究的重要方面,历来为我国学者所关注。对古代典籍以及考古发现中与有关舞龙的文字、图像记录展开研究,是解决舞龙起源问题的有效途径。通过对历来被广泛引用的两种重要文献证据《春秋繁露.求雨》和汉代百戏中"鱼龙漫衍"的文献记载进行再次解读,对舞龙在汉代就已存在的观点进行批判。汉代是舞龙活动形成的准备期,这一阶段舞龙虽然尚未以完整的形式出现,但其思想条件和物质条件已日趋成熟。

The origin of the dragon dance is an important aspect of the basic research in this field, which has always been of concern to Chinese scholars. At present, undertaking researches on the writings and image records in ancient books and archaeological discoveries is an effective way to tackle the problem. Through the re-interpretation of the two important documentary evidences Spring and Autumn Dew： Praying for Rain and the records from the Han Drama Fish and Dragon, this paper criticizes the view that the dragon dance had existed since Han dynasty. Actually, Han dynasty was a preparatory phase for the forming of dragon dance, which although had not yet existed in a completing form, was gradually mature in terms of theme and material.